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{'ar': 'ุญุณูุงุ ูุฐู ูุตุฉ ุญูู ููู ูุนุฑู ู
ุง ูุนุฑูู.', 'en': ['So, this is a story about how we know what we know.']} |
{'ar': 'ุฅููุง ูุตุฉ ุญูู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑุฃุฉุ ูุงุชุงููุง ุฑูุจูุฒููุณูู.', 'en': ["It's a story about this woman, Natalia Rybczynski."]} |
{'ar': 'ููู ุนุงูู
ุฉ ูู ุงูุญูุฑูุงุช ุงููุฏูู
ุฉุ ู
ุง ูุนูู ุฃููุง ู
ุฎุชุตุฉ ูู ูุจุด ุงููุงุฆูุงุช ุงูู
ูุชุฉ ุงููุฏูู
ุฉ ุฌุฏุง.', 'en': ["She's a paleobiologist, which means she specializes in digging up really old dead stuff."]} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง ุฑูุจูุฒููุณูู: ูุนู
ุ ููุงู ู
ู ููุงุฏููู "ุฏูุชูุฑุฉ ุงููุงุฆูุงุช ุงูู
ูุชุฉ".', 'en': ['Natalia Rybczynski: Yeah, I had someone call me "Dr. Dead Things."']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ุฃุนุชูุฏ ุฃููุง ู
ุซูุฑุฉ ููุงูุชู
ุงู
ุจุดูู ุฎุงุต ุจุณุจุจ ุฃู
ุงูู ุงูุญูุฑ ููุจุญุซ ุนู ูุฐู ุงูุฃุดูุงุกุ ุจุงุชุฌุงู ุฃุนูู ุงูุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ุงููุทุจูุฉ ุงูุดู
ุงููุฉ ูู ุงูุชูุฏุฑุง ุงูููุฏูุฉ ุงูุจุนูุฏุฉ.', 'en': ["Latif Nasser: And I think she's particularly interesting because of where she digs that stuff up, way above the Arctic Circle in the remote Canadian tun... |
{'ar': 'ูู ููู
ู
ู ุตูู ุนุงู
2006ุ ูุงูุช ูู ู
ููุน ุญูุฑ ูุณู
ู "ู
ุฑูุฏ ุงูุฌู
ู"ุ ูุงูุฐู ููุน ุนูู ุฃูู ู
ู 10 ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ู
ู ุฎุท ุงูุนุฑุถ ุจุนูุฏุง ุนู ุงููุทุจ ุงูุดู
ุงูู ุงูุฌุฐุงุจ.', 'en': ['Now, one summer day in 2006, she was at a dig site called the Fyles Leaf Bed, which is less than 10 degrees latitude away from the magnetic north pole.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ุญูุงุ ูู ูุจุฏู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ู
ุซูุฑุง ุฌุฏุงุ ูุฃูู ุชูุถู ูุงู
ู ุงูููู
ู ู
ุดูุง ุญุงู
ูุง ุญููุจุฉ ุธูุฑู ููุธุงู
ุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงูู
ููุน ูุฏูุชุฑ ู
ูุงุญุธุงุช ูุชููู
ุจุงูุชูุงุท ุฃู ุดูุก ูุฏ ูุจุฏู ุฃุญููุฑุง.', 'en': ["NR: Really, it's not going to sound very exciting, because it was a day of walking with your backpack and your GPS and notebook and just picking up a... |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ูุนูุฏ ู
ููุน ู
ุงุ ูุงุญุธุช ุดูุฆุง.', 'en': ['LN: And at some point, she noticed something.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ุดูุก ุตุฏุฆุ ููุนุง ู
ุง ุจููู ุงูุตุฏุฃุ ุจุญุฌู
ูู ูุฏู.', 'en': ['NR: Rusty, kind of rust-colored, about the size of the palm of my hand.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงูุช ู
ููุงุฉ ุนูู ุงูุณุทุญ.', 'en': ['It was just lying on the surface.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ุธูุช ูู ุงูุจุฏุงูุฉ ุฃูู ู
ุฌุฑุฏ ุดุธูุฉ ู
ู ุงูุฎุดุจุ ูุฃูู ุชู
ุงูุนุซูุฑ ุนูู ู
ุซู ูุฐู ุงูุฃุดูุงุก ูู ุฐูู ุงูู
ูุงู ู
ู ูุจู-- ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ูุจุงุชุงุช ู
ู ุนุตูุฑ ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ.', 'en': ["LN: And at first she thought it was just a splinter of wood, because that's the sort of thing people had found at the Fyles Leaf Bed before -- prehistoric pl... |
{'ar': 'ูููู ูู ุชูู ุงููููุฉุ ููู ุทุฑูู ุงูุนูุฏุฉ ุฅูู ุงูู
ุฎูู
...', 'en': ['But that night, back at camp ...']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ... ุฃุฎุฑุฌุช ุนุฏุณุฉ ุงููุฏุ ุฏููุช ูููุง ุจุนูุงูุฉ ูุฃุฏุฑูุช ุฃูู ูุง ูุญู
ู ุฃุซุงุฑ ุญููุงุช ุงูุฃุดุฌุงุฑ.', 'en': ["NR: ... I get out the hand lens, I'm looking a little bit more closely and realizing it doesn't quite look like this has tree rings."]} |
{'ar': 'ุฑุจู
ุง ุดูุก ุชู
ุญูุธู ุจุนูุงูุฉุ ูููู ูุดุจู ุญูุง ...', 'en': ["Maybe it's a preservation thing, but it looks really like ..."]} |
{'ar': 'ุงูุนุธุงู
.', 'en': ['bone.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ุนูู ู
ุฏู ุงูุณููุงุช ุงูุฃุฑุจุน ุงูุชุงููุฉุ ุฐูุจุช ุฅูู ุงูู
ููุน ู
ุฑุงุฑุง ูุชูุฑุงุฑุงุ ูุฌู
ุนุช ูู ููุงูุฉ ุงูู
ุทุงู 30 ุดุธูุฉ ู
ู ููุณ ุงูุนุธุงู
ุ ู
ุนุธู
ูุง ุตุบูุฑุฉ ุญูุง.', 'en': ['LN: Huh. So over the next four years, she went to that spot over and over, and eventually collected 30 fragments of that exact same bone, most of them really tiny.']... |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ููุณุช ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ูุจูุฑุฉ. ุฅุฐ ูุณุนูุง ููุณ ุฒูุจููู ุงูุตุบูุฑ.', 'en': ["NR: It's not a whole lot. It fits in a small Ziploc bag."]} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุตุฑ ูุทูู: ูุญุงููุช ุฌู
ุนูุง ู
ุนุง ู
ุซู ุฃุญุฌูุฉ ุงูุตูุฑ ุงูู
ูุทุนุฉ.', 'en': ['LN: And she tried to piece them together like a jigsaw puzzle.']} |
{'ar': 'ูููู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุดูู ุชุญุฏูุง.', 'en': ['But it was challenging.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ูุงูุช ู
ุญุทู
ุฉ ุฅูู ุนุฏุฉ ูุทุน ุตุบูุฑุฉ ุงูุญุฌู
ุ ุญุงููุช ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงูุฑู
ู ูุงูู
ุนุฌููุ ููู ูุง ูุจุฏู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุฌูุฏุง.', 'en': ["NR: It's broken up into so many little tiny pieces, I'm trying to use sand and putty, and it's not looking good."]} |
{'ar': 'ูู ููุงูุฉ ุงูู
ุทุงูุ ุงุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ู
ุงุณุญุง ุถูุฆู ุซูุงุซู ุงูุฃุจุนุงุฏ.', 'en': ['So finally, we used a 3D surface scanner.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ุฃูู! ูุงุชุงููุง: ุตุญูุญุ', 'en': ['LN: Ooh! NR: Yeah, right?']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ุชุจููู ุฃู ุงูููุงู
ุจุฐูู ุจุงูุชุฑุงุถูุง ุฃุณูู ุทุฑููุฉ.', 'en': ['LN: It turns out it was way easier to do it virtually.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ุฅูู ููุน ู
ู ุงูุณุญุฑ ุนูุฏู
ุง ูุชูุงุณุจ ู
ุนุง.', 'en': ["NR: It's kind of magical when it all fits together."]} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู: ูู
ููุช ูุงุซูุฉ ู
ู ุฃูู ุชููู
ูู ุจุฐูู ูู
ุง ูุฌุจุ ุฃูู ูู
ุช ุจุฌู
ุนูุง ุจุทุฑููุฉ ุตุญูุญุฉุ', 'en': ['LN: How certain were you that you had it right, that you had put it together in the right way?']} |
{'ar': 'ูู ุชูุฌุฏ ุฅู
ูุงููุฉ ูุฌู
ุนูุง ู
ุนุง ุจุทุฑููุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูุชุญุตู ุนูู ุจุงุฑุงููุช ู
ุซูุงุ', 'en': ["Was there a potential that you'd put it together a different way and have, like, a parakeet or something?"]} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ูุง. ูุงุ ุญุตููุง ุนูู ูุฐุง.', 'en': ['NR: Um, no. No, we got this.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ู
ุง ุญุตูุช ุนูููุ ุงูุชุดูุชุ ูุงู ูุตุจุฉ ุงูุณุงูุ ุนุธู
ุงูุณุงูุ ูุชุญุฏูุฏุงุ ุชูุชู
ู ุฅูู ูุตููุฉ ุงูุซุฏููุงุช ุฐุงุช ุงูุธููุ ุดูุก ูุดุจู ุจูุฑุฉ ุฃู ุฎุฑููุง.', 'en': ['LN: What she had, she discovered, was a tibia, a leg bone, and specifically, one that belonged to a cloven-hoofed mammal, so something like a cow or a sheep.']} |
{'ar': 'ููู ูู
ููู ู
ู ุงูู
ู
ูู ุฃู ูููู ูุงุญุฏุง ู
ููุง.', 'en': ["But it couldn't have been either of those."]} |
{'ar': 'ูุงู ูุจูุฑุง ุฌุฏุง.', 'en': ['It was just too big.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ูุงู ุญุฌู
ูุฐุง ุงูุดูุกุ ูุงุฆูุงุ ูุงู ุญููุงูุง ูุจูุฑ ุงูุญุฌู
.', 'en': ["NR: The size of this thing, it was huge. It's a really big animal."]} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ุฃู ุญููุงู ูู
ููู ุฃู ููููุ', 'en': ['LN: So what animal could it be?']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงู
ุช ุจุชูุฏูู
ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู
ู ุงูุดุธุงูุง ูุจุนุถ ุฒู
ูุงุฆูุง ูู ููุงูุฉ ููููุฑุงุฏูุ ููุงูุช ูุฏููู
ููุฑุฉ ุนููุง.', 'en': ['Having hit a wall, she showed one of the fragments to some colleagues of hers in Colorado, and they had an idea.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ุฃุฎุฐูุง ู
ูุดุงุฑุงุ ููู
ูุง ุจุฅุญุฏุงุซ ุซุบุฑุฉ ูููุงุ ูุตุฏุฑุช ู
ูู ุฑุงุฆุญุฉ ู
ุซูุฑุฉ ููุงูุชู
ุงู
.', 'en': ['NR: We took a saw, and we nicked just the edge of it, and there was this really interesting smell that comes from it.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ูุงูุช ุฑุงุฆุญุชู ุชุดุจู ุงููุญู
ุงูู
ุญุฑูู.', 'en': ['LN: It smelled kind of like singed flesh.']} |
{'ar': 'ููุงูุช ุฑุงุฆุญุฉ ุชุนุฑููุง ูุงุชุงููุง ู
ู ุฎูุงู ูุตููุง ููุฌู
ุงุฌู
ูู ู
ุฎุชุจุฑ ุงูุชุดุฑูุญ: ุงููููุงุฌูู.', 'en': ['It was a smell that Natalia recognized from cutting up skulls in her gross anatomy lab: collagen.']} |
{'ar': 'ุงููููุงุฌูู ูู ู
ุง ูุนุทู ุจููุฉู ูุนุธุงู
ูุง.', 'en': ['Collagen is what gives structure to our bones.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุนุงุฏุฉุ ุจุนุฏ ุณููุงุช ุนุฏูุฏุฉุ ุชููุงุฑ.', 'en': ['And usually, after so many years, it breaks down.']} |
{'ar': 'ูููู ูู ูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉุ ูุงูุช ุงูู
ูุทูุฉ ุงููุทุจูุฉ ุงูุดู
ุงููุฉ ู
ุซู ุซูุงุฌุฉ ุทุจูุนูุฉ ููุงู
ุช ุจุญูุธู.', 'en': ['But in this case, the Arctic had acted like a natural freezer and preserved it.']} |
{'ar': 'ูููู ุจุนุฏ ุนุงู
ุฃู ุนุงู
ููุ ูุงูุช ูุงุชุงููุง ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ู
ุคุชู
ุฑ ุนููุฏ ูู ุจุฑูุณุชููุ ููุงุจูุช ุฒู
ููุง ููุง ูุฏุนู ู
ุงูู ุจุงููู ูุงู ูููู
ุจุดุฑุญ ุนู
ููุฉ ุฌุฏูุฏุฉ ุฃุทูู ุนูููุง ุงุณู
"ุจุตู
ุฉ ุงููููุงุฌูู".', 'en': ['Then a year or two later, Natalia was at a conference in Bristol, and she saw that a colleague of hers named Mike Buckley was demoing this ne... |
{'ar': 'ูุชุจูู ุฃู ู
ุฎุชูู ุงูุฃุตูุงู ูุฏููุง ููุงูู ู
ู ุงููููุงุฌูู ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ููููุงุ ุฅุฐุง ุญุตูุช ุนูู ุชุฑููุจุฉ ูููุงุฌูู ู
ู ุนุธุงู
ุบูุฑ ู
ุนุฑููุฉุ ูู
ููู ู
ูุงุฑูุชูุง ู
ุน ุงูุฃุตูุงู ุงูู
ุนุฑููุฉุ ูู
ู ูุฏุฑูุ ูุฏ ุชุญุตู ุนูู ุชุทุงุจู.', 'en': ['It turns out that different species have slightly different structures of collagen, so if you get a collagen profile of an unkn... |
{'ar': 'ูุฐุงูู ูุงู
ุช ุจุฅุฑุณุงู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู
ููุง ุฅูููุ ููุฏููุณ.', 'en': ['So she shipped him one of the fragments, FedEx.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ูุนู
ุ ุชุฑูุฏ ุชุชุจุน ุฐูู. ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ู
ูู
ููุนุง ู
ุง.', 'en': ["NR: Yeah, you want to track it. It's kind of important."]} |
{'ar': '. ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ูุงู
ุจู
ุนุงูุฌุชูุงุ ูู
ูุงุฑูุชูุง ู
ุน 37 ููุนุง ู
ุนุฑููุง ูู ุนุตุฑูุง ู
ู ุงูุซุฏูุงุช.', 'en': ['LN: And he processed it, and compared it to 37 known and modern-day mammal species.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุญุตู ุนูู ุชุทุงุจู.', 'en': ['And he found a match.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุชุจููู ุฃู ุงูุนุธู
ุงูุจุงูุบ ุนู
ุฑ 3.5 ู
ูููู ุณูุฉ ุงูุฐู ูุฌุฏุชู ูุงุชุงููุง ู
ู ุงูู
ูุทูุฉ ุงููุทุจูุฉ ุงูุดู
ุงููุฉ ุงูุนููุง ูุนูุฏ ุฅูู...', 'en': ['It turns out that the 3.5 million-year-old bone that Natalia had dug out of the High Arctic belonged to ...']} |
{'ar': 'ุฌู
ู.', 'en': ['a camel.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ูุชุจุงุฏุฑ ุฅูููุ ู
ุงุฐุงุ ูุฐุง ู
ุฏูุด-- ุฅู ูุงู ุตุญูุญุง.', 'en': ["NR: And I'm thinking, what? That's amazing -- if it's true."]} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ูุงู
ูุง ุจูุญุต ูู ุงูุดุธุงูุงุ ูุญุตููุง ุนูู ููุณ ุงููุชูุฌุฉ.', 'en': ['LN: So they tested a bunch of the fragments, and they got the same result for each one.']} |
{'ar': 'ู
ุน ุฐููุ ุฅุณุชูุงุฏุง ุฅูู ุญุฌู
ุงูุนุธุงู
ุงูุชู ุชู
ุงูุชุดุงููุงุ ูุนูู ูุฐุง ุฃู ูุฐู ุงูุฌู
ู ุฃูุจุฑ 30 ูู ุงูู
ุฆุฉ ู
ู ุงูุฌู
ุงู ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุนุตุฑ ุงูุญุฏูุซ.', 'en': ['However, based on the size of the bone that they found, it meant that this camel was 30 percent larger than modern-day camels.']} |
{'ar': 'ุณูููู ุทูู ูุฐุง ุงูุฌู
ู ุญูุงูู 9 ุฃูุฏุงู
ุ ููุฒูู ูุตู ุทู ุชูุฑูุจุง.', 'en': ['So this camel would have been about nine feet tall, weighed around a ton.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุนู
ุ', 'en': ['Yeah.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุฌุฏุช ูุงุชุงููุง ุฌู
ูุง ุนู
ูุงูุง ู
ู ุงูู
ูุทูุฉ ุงููุทุจูุฉ ุงูุดู
ุงููุฉ.', 'en': ['Natalia had found a Giant Arctic camel.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงูุขูุ ุนูุฏ ุณู
ุงุน ููู
ุฉ "ุฌู
ู"ุ ู
ุง ูุฏ ูุชุจุงุฏุฑ ุฅูู ุงูุฐูู ูู ูุงุญุฏ ู
ู ูุคูุงุกุ ุงูุฌู
ู ุฐู ุงูุณูููุงู
ูููู ู
ู ุงูุดุฑู ุงูุฃูุณุท ูุขุณูุง ุงููุณุทู.', 'en': ['Now, when you hear the word "camel," what may come to mind is one of these, the Bactrian camel of East and Central Asia.']} |
{'ar': 'ูููู ูุฑุต ุฃู ุชููู ุงูุตูุฑุฉ ุงูู
ุฑุณูู
ุฉ ูู ุฐููู ูู ุตูุฑุฉ ูุงุญุฏ ู
ู ูุคูุงุกุ ุงูุฌู
ู ุงููุญูุฏ ุงูุณูุงู
ุ ู
ุฎููู ุงูุตุญุฑุงุก ุงูุฌููุฑู-- ูุชุณุน ูู ุงูุฃู
ุงูู ุงูุฑู
ููุฉ ุงูุณุงุฎูุฉ ู
ุซู ุงูุดุฑู ุงูุฃูุณุท ูุงูุตุญุฑุงุกุ ุนูู ุธูุฑู ุญุฏุจุฉ ูุฏูู
ุฉ ูุจูุฑุฉ ุงูุญุฌู
ูุชุฎุฒูู ุงูู
ุงุก ููุฑุญูุงุช ุงูุตุญุฑุงููุฉ ุงูุทูููุฉุ ูุฏููุง ูุฏู
ูู ูุจูุฑุชูู ูุนุฑูุถุชูู ูู
ุณุงุนุฏุชูุง ุนูู ุชุณูู ุงููุซุจุงู ุงูุฑู
ููุฉ.', 'en':... |
{'ar': 'ูููู ุงูุชูู ุงูู
ุทุงู ุจูุงุญุฏ ู
ููุง ููุง ูู ุงูู
ูุทูุฉ ุงููุทุจูุฉ ุงูุดู
ุงููุฉ ุงูุนููุงุ', 'en': ['So how on earth would one of these guys end up in the High Arctic?']} |
{'ar': 'ุญุณูุงุ ููุฏ ุนุฑู ุงูุนูู
ุงุก ู
ูุฐ ูุชุฑุฉ ุทูููุฉุ ูู
ุง ุชุจููุ ุญุชู ูุจู ุงูุชุดุงู ูุงุชุงููุงุ ุฃู ุงูุฌู
ุงู ูู ุงููุงูุน ู
ู ุฃุตูู ุฃู
ุฑูููุฉ.', 'en': ["Well, scientists have known for a long time, turns out, even before Natalia's discovery, that camels are actually originally American."]} |
{'ar': 'ุธูุฑูุง ุฃูู ู
ุฑุฉ ููุง.', 'en': ['They started here.']} |
{'ar': 'ูู
ุง ููุงุฑุจ 40 ู
ู 45 ู
ูููู ุณูุฉ ูุงูุช ุงูุฌู
ุงู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุฃุฑุฌุงุกุ ูู
ูู ุงูุนุซูุฑ ุนูููุง ูู ุฃู
ุฑููุง ุงูุดู
ุงููุฉ ููุทุ ู
ุง ููุงุฑุจ 20 ููุนุง ู
ุฎุชููุงุ ูุฑุจู
ุง ุฃูุซุฑ.', 'en': ['For nearly 40 of the 45 million years that camels have been around, you could only find them in North America, around 20 different species, maybe more.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ุฅุฐุง ูุถุนุชูุง ูู ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉุ ููู ุณุชุจุฏู ู
ุฎุชููุฉุ', 'en': ['LN: If I put them all in a lineup, would they look different?']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ูุนู
ุ ุณูููู ูุฏูู ุฃุญุฌุงู
ู
ุฎุชููุฉ.', 'en': ["NR: Yeah, you're going to have different body sizes."]} |
{'ar': 'ุณูููู ูุจุนุถูุง ุฑูุจุฉ ุทูููุฉ ุฌุฏุงุ ุญุชู ุฃููุง ูู ุงููุงูุน ุชุจุฏู ู
ุซู ุฒุฑุงูุฉ.', 'en': ["You'll have some with really long necks, so they're actually functionally like giraffes."]} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ูุจุนุถูุง ุฃููุ ู
ุซู ุงูุชู
ุงุณูุญ.', 'en': ['LN: Some had snouts, like crocodiles.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ุฅู ุงูุจุฏุงุฆูุฉ ู
ููุงุ ูุฏ ูุงูุช ุตุบูุฑุฉ ุงูุญุฌู
ุจุงููุนูุ ุชูุฑูุจุง ู
ุซู ุงูุฃุฑุงูุจ.', 'en': ['NR: The really primitive, early ones would have been really small, almost like rabbits.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ู
ุงุฐุงุ ุฌู
ุงู ุจุญุฌู
ุฃุฑูุจุ', 'en': ['LN: What? Rabbit-sized camels?']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ุงููุฏูู
ุฉ ู
ููุง.', 'en': ['NR: The earliest ones.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุฐูู ูู ุชุชู
ูู ู
ู ุงูุชุนุฑู ุนูููุง ุฑุจู
ุง.', 'en': ['So those ones you probably would not recognize.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ูุง ุฅูููุ ุฃุฑูุฏ ุญููุงูุง ุฃูููุง ุฌู
ู-ุฃุฑูุจ.', 'en': ['LN: Oh my God, I want a pet rabbit-camel.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ุฃุนุฑูุ ุฃูู ูููู ุฐูู ุฑุงุฆุนุงุ', 'en': ["NR: I know, wouldn't that be great?"]} |
{'ar': 'ูุทูู ูุงุตุฑ: ูู
ูุฐ ุญูุงูู ุซูุงุซุฉ ุฃู ุณุจุนุฉ ู
ูุงููู ุณูุฉุ ุงุชุฌูุช ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูุฌู
ุงู ูุญู ุฃู
ุฑููุง ุงูุฌููุจูุฉุ ุญูุซ ุฃุตุจุญุช ูุงู
ุง ูุฃูุจูุฉุ ูุนุจุฑุช ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ุฌุณุฑ ูุงุจุณุฉ ุจูุฑูุฌูุง ุจุงุชุฌุงู ุขุณูุง ูุงูุฑูููุง.', 'en': ['LN: And then about three to seven million years ago, one branch of camels went down to South America, where they became llamas an... |
{'ar': 'ุซู
ูุจู ููุงูุฉ ุงูุนุตุฑ ุงูุฌููุฏู ุงูุฃุฎูุฑุ ุงููุฑุถุช ุงูุฌู
ุงู ูู ุฃู
ุฑููุง ุงูุดู
ุงููุฉ.', 'en': ['And then around the end of the last ice age, North American camels went extinct.']} |
{'ar': 'ุนุฑู ุงูุนูู
ุงุก ูู ุฐูู ุจุงููุนูุ ููู ูุง ูุฒุงู ูุตุนุจ ุชูุณูุฑ ููู ูุฌุฏุช ูุงุชุงููุง ูุงุญุฏุง ูู ุฃูุตู ุงูุดู
ุงู.', 'en': ["So, scientists knew all of that already, but it still doesn't fully explain how Natalia found one so far north."]} |
{'ar': 'ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงูู
ูุฎูุถุฉุ ุงููุทุจ ูููุถ ุงูุตุญุฑุงุก.', 'en': ['Like, this is, temperature-wise, the polar opposite of the Sahara.']} |
{'ar': 'ููููู ุงูุขู ู
ูุตูููุ ู
ูุฐ ุซูุงุซ ู
ูุงููู ุณูุฉ ููุตูุ ูุงูุช ู
ุชูุณุท ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ 22 ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู
ุฆููุฉุ ุฃุฏูุฆ ู
ู
ุง ูู ุนููู ุงูุขู.', 'en': ['Now to be fair, three and a half million years ago, it was on average 22 degrees Celsius warmer than it is now.']} |
{'ar': 'ููุงูุช ุบุงุจุงุช ุดู
ุงููุฉุ ุชุดุจู ุฃูุซุฑ ููููู ุฃู ุณูุจูุฑูุง ุงูููู
.', 'en': ['So it would have been boreal forest, so more like the Yukon or Siberia today.']} |
{'ar': 'ูููู ู
ุน ุฐููุ ู
ุซูุ ุณูููู ุทูู ุงูุดุชุงุก ุณุชุฉ ุฃุดูุฑ ุญูุซ ุชุชุฌู
ุฏ ุงูุจุฑู ุงูู
ุงุฆูุฉ.', 'en': ['But still, like, they would have six-month-long winters where the ponds would freeze over.']} |
{'ar': 'ููุฏ ุชุถุฑุจ ุนูุงุตู ุซูุฌูุฉ.', 'en': ["You'd have blizzards."]} |
{'ar': 'ููู
ุชุฏ ุงูููู ูู
ุฏุฉ 24 ุณุงุนุฉ ู
ุชุชุงููุฉ.', 'en': ["You'd have 24 hours a day of straight darkness."]} |
{'ar': 'ู
ุซูุ ููู ุฐูู... ูููุ', 'en': ['Like, how ... How?']} |
{'ar': 'ููู ุชู
ูู ูุงุญุฏ ู
ู ูุฌูู
ุงูุตุญุฑุงุก ู
ู ุงููุฌุงุฉ ูุงูุนูุด ูู ู
ุซู ูุฐู ุงูุธุฑูู ุงููุทุจูุฉุ', 'en': ['How is it that one of these Saharan superstars could ever have survived those arctic conditions?']} |
{'ar': 'ุงุนุชูุฏุช ูุงุชุงููุง ูุฒู
ูุงุฆูุง ุฃููู
ูู
ูููู ุงูุฅุฌุงุจุฉ.', 'en': ['Natalia and her colleagues think they have an answer.']} |
{'ar': 'ููู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุฑุงุฆุน ููุนุง ู
ุง.', 'en': ["And it's kind of brilliant."]} |
{'ar': 'ู
ุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงูุช ุงูู
ูุฒุงุช ุงูุชู ูุชุตูุฑูุง ุชุฌุนู ุงูุฌู
ู ูุชููู ูู ุฃู
ุงูู ู
ุซู ุงูุตุญุฑุงุกุ ุชุทูุฑุช ูู ุงููุงูุน ูู
ุณุงุนุฏุชู ุนูู ู
ูุงุฌูุฉ ุงูุดุชุงุกุ', 'en': ['What if the very features that we imagine make the camel so well-suited to places like the Sahara, actually evolved to help it get through the winter?']} |
{'ar': 'ู
ุงุฐุง ูู ูุงู ู
ู ุงูู
ูุชุฑุถ ุฃู ูุง ุชุทุฃ ุฃูุฏุงู
ู ุงูุนุฑูุถุฉ ุงูุฑู
ุงูุ ูููู ุงูุซูุฌุ ู
ุซู ุฃุญุฐูุฉ ููุชุฒูุฌุ', 'en': ['What if those broad feet were meant to tromp not over sand, but over snow, like a pair of snowshoes?']} |
{'ar': 'ู
ุงุฐุง ูู ูุงูุช ุชูู ุงูุญุฏุจุฉ-- ููุงู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ู
ูุงุฌุฃุฉ ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ููุ ูุง ุชุญุชูู ู
ุงุกูุ ูุฅูู
ุง ุชุญุชูู ุฏูููุง-- ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู
ุณุงุนุฏุฉ ุงูุฌู
ู ุนูู ู
ูุงุฌูุฉ ุงุดูุฑ ุงูุดุชุงุก ุงูุณุชุฉ. ุนูุฏู
ุง ูููู ุงูุทุนุงู
ุดุญูุญุงุ', 'en': ['What if that hump -- which, huge news to me, does not contain water, it contains fat -- was there to help the camel get through that si... |
{'ar': 'ูุนูุฏูุงุ ูู ููุช ูุงุญูุ ุจุนุฏ ุนุจูุฑูุง ุงูุฌุณุฑ ุจูุชุฑุฉ ุทูููุฉ ูู ุนุฏููุช ู
ูุฒุงุช ุงูุดุชุงุก ูุชุชุฃููู
ู
ุน ุงูุจูุฆุฉ ุงูุตุญุฑุงูููุฉ ุงูุญุงุฑุฉุ', 'en': ['And then, only later, long after it crossed over the land bridge did it retrofit those winter features for a hot desert environment?']} |
{'ar': 'ู
ุซูุงุ ูุฏ ุชููู ุงูุญุฏุจุฉ ู
ููุฏุฉ ููุฌู
ุงู ูู ุงูู
ูุงุฎุงุช ุงูุญุงุฑุฉ ูุฃู ูู ุงูุฏููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ู
ูุงูู ูุงุญุฏุ ู
ุซูุ ุญููุจุฉ ุธูุฑู ููุฏูููุ ู
ู
ุง ูุนูู ุฃูู ูุง ุชุญุชุงุฌ ููู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุงุฏุฉ ุงูุนุงุฒูุฉ ูู ุจููุฉ ุฃูุญุงุก ุงูุฌุณู
.', 'en': ["Like, for instance, the hump may be helpful to camels in hotter climes because having all your fat in one place, like a, yo... |
{'ar': 'ูุฐูู ูุฅูู ูุณุงุนุฏ ุนูู ุชุจุฏูุฏ ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุจุดูู ุฃุณูู.', 'en': ['So it helps heat dissipate easier.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุฐู ููุฑุฉ ู
ุฌูููุฉุ ูุจุฏู ูุฃูู ุฏููู ุนูู ุฃู ุทุจูุนุฉ ุงูุตุญุฑุงุก ุงูู
ุซุงููุฉ ูู
ูู ุฃู ุชููู ุฏูููุง ุนูู ุงููุทุจ ุงูุดู
ุงูู ูุฏูู
ุง.', 'en': ["It's this crazy idea, that what seems like proof of the camel's quintessential desert nature could actually be proof of its High Arctic past."]} |
{'ar': 'ูุณุช ุงูุดุฎุต ุงูู
ูุงุณุจ ูุฃุฑูู ููู
ูุฐู ุงููุตุฉ.', 'en': ["Now, I'm not the first person to tell this story."]} |
{'ar': 'ููุงู ุขุฎุฑูู ุฃููุง ูุณููุฉ ููุชุนุฌุจ ู
ู ุนูู
ุงูุฃุญูุงุก ุงูุชุทูุฑู ุฃู ู
ูุชุงุญ ู
ุณุชูุจูู ูุชุบูุฑ ุงูู
ูุงุฎ.', 'en': ['Others have told it as a way to marvel at evolutionary biology or as a keyhole into the future of climate change.']} |
{'ar': 'ูููู ุฃุญุจ ุฐูู ูุฃุณุจุงุจ ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูููุง.', 'en': ['But I love it for a totally different reason.']} |
{'ar': 'ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ููุ ุชุชู
ุญูุฑ ูุฐู ุงููุตุฉ ุญูููุงุ ุญูู ููููุฉ ุฑุคูุชูุง ููุนุงูู
ูุญูู ููููุฉ ุชุบููุฑ ุฐูู.', 'en': ["For me, it's a story about us, about how we see the world and about how that changes."]} |
{'ar': 'ุชูููุช ุชุฏุฑูุจุง ูู
ุคุฑูุฎู.', 'en': ['So I was trained as a historian.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุนุฑูุช ุฃูุ ูู ุงููุงูุนุ ุงููุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงูุนูู
ุงุก ุงูู
ุคุฑุฎูู ุฃูุถุง.', 'en': ["And I've learned that, actually, a lot of scientists are historians, too."]} |
{'ar': 'ุฌุนููุง ู
ู ุงูู
ุงุถู ุฃู
ุฑุง ู
ูุทููุง.', 'en': ['They make sense of the past.']} |
{'ar': 'ุชุฎุจุฑููุง ุชุงุฑูุฎ ุงูููู ูุงููููุจ ุงูุฐู ูุนูุด ููู.', 'en': ['They tell the history of our universe, of our planet, of life on this planet.']} |
{'ar': 'ููู
ุคุฑุฎุ ุชุจุฏุฃ ู
ุน ููุฑุฉ ูู ุนููู ุญูู ููู ุชูุชูู ุงููุตุฉ.', 'en': ['And as a historian, you start with an idea in your mind of how the story goes.']} |
{'ar': 'ูุงุชุงููุง: ูููู
ุจุงุฎุชูุงู ูุตุต ูููุชุฒู
ุจูุงุ ู
ุซู ุงูุฌู
ู ูู ุงูุตุญุฑุงุกุ ุฃููุณ ูุฐููุ', 'en': ['NR: We make up stories and we stick with it, like the camel in the desert, right?']} |
{'ar': 'ูุฐู ูุตุฉ ุนุธูู
ุฉ! ุชุชููู ุชู
ุงู
ุง ูุฐูู.', 'en': ["That's a great story! It's totally adapted for that."]} |
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