OlleOltorp/minecraft-mobs

Minecraft Mobs

Object detection and instance segmentation dataset for Minecraft Java 1.21.11. It contains 49,861 pictures covering every mob, with a box and a pixel mask for each mob. Labels are generated by the game, not drawn by hand.

• Generator and method: minecraft-mob-dataset. Use it to make your own version with other mobs, places, times or sizes.
• Baseline model: RF-DETR Large, test mAP50-95 0.602

Summary

what	details
Pictures	49,861 at 1280×720, vanilla graphics, field of view 70
Labelled mobs	177,312 in 88 classes (all mobs and the player)
Ignore regions	18,206 mobs too hidden, dark or small to label
Labels	a box and a pixel mask per mob, COCO format
Places	64 biomes, 38 structure types, Overworld, Nether and End
Conditions	day, night, dusk and dawn; clear, rain and thunder; 3 brightness settings
Clean plates	92 % of pictures also have the same shot without mobs

Splits

split	pictures
train	39,158
validation	5,120
test	5,583

The split is by location. The world is divided into 512 × 512 block tiles, and each tile belongs to one split. Validation and test pictures therefore show places that never appear in training. Test uses the tiles furthest from the rest.

Loading

from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("OlleOltorp/minecraft-mobs", split="train")
picture = ds[0]["image"]        # PIL image
mobs = ds[0]["objects"]         # one dict per mob: category, bbox, segmentation, ...

• Boxes: COCO [x, y, width, height] in pixels.
• Masks: COCO run-length encoding.
• Objects with iscrowd = 1 are ignore regions. Do not count them as mobs to detect.

Places

area	pictures	share
land	25,178	50 %
caves	6,338	13 %
structures	6,231	12 %
nether	4,922	10 %
ocean	4,869	10 %
end	2,323	5 %

All 64 biomes

biome	pictures	share
plains	1,969	4 %
forest	1,690	3 %
nether wastes	1,598	3 %
dripstone caves	1,544	3 %
river	1,538	3 %
lush caves	1,353	3 %
savanna	1,231	2 %
soul sand valley	1,211	2 %
desert	1,203	2 %
deep dark	1,190	2 %
end highlands	1,190	2 %
taiga	1,162	2 %
end midlands	1,147	2 %
crimson forest	1,134	2 %
snowy plains	1,120	2 %
ocean	1,051	2 %
warped forest	992	2 %
lukewarm ocean	932	2 %
snowy taiga	897	2 %
dark forest	888	2 %
basalt deltas	867	2 %
old growth birch forest	836	2 %
deep ocean	836	2 %
swamp	825	2 %
jungle	807	2 %
beach	790	2 %
deep cold ocean	790	2 %
cold ocean	787	2 %
grove	781	2 %
meadow	717	1 %
birch forest	704	1 %
frozen ocean	695	1 %
warm ocean	669	1 %
snowy slopes	657	1 %
badlands	645	1 %
deep lukewarm ocean	640	1 %
sparse jungle	636	1 %
old growth pine taiga	616	1 %
eroded badlands	585	1 %
wooded badlands	583	1 %
flower forest	582	1 %
sunflower plains	581	1 %
mangrove swamp	580	1 %
stony shore	578	1 %
bamboo jungle	570	1 %
frozen river	560	1 %
old growth spruce taiga	546	1 %
savanna plateau	529	1 %
cherry grove	518	1 %
deep frozen ocean	516	1 %
windswept forest	511	1 %
windswept hills	510	1 %
pale garden	465	1 %
windswept savanna	461	1 %
jagged peaks	439	1 %
snowy beach	421	1 %
frozen peaks	420	1 %
mushroom fields	372	1 %
ice spikes	354	1 %
the end	216	0 %
end barrens	181	0 %
stony peaks	174	0 %
windswept gravelly hills	136	0 %
small end islands	135	0 %

All 38 kinds of structure

structure	pictures
trial chambers	500
end city	428
fortress	400
bastion remnant	350
pillager outpost	305
monument	304
ancient city	300
dungeon	300
mansion	245
stronghold	222
mineshaft	194
village plains	183
swamp hut	183
desert pyramid	180
shipwreck	178
village taiga	124
village snowy	121
village desert	120
igloo	119
village savanna	118
end gateway	118
jungle pyramid	117
ocean ruin warm	117
ocean ruin cold	115
shipwreck beached	97
trail ruins	95
desert well	94
nether fossil	80
mineshaft mesa	62
ruined portal	62
ruined portal desert	60
ruined portal mountain	60
ruined portal swamp	60
ruined portal ocean	59
ruined portal jungle	52
ruined portal nether	50
geode	30
fossil	29

Camera

Camera height above the ground or floor, in blocks:

height	pictures	share
1 to 2	15,877	32 %
2 to 5	8,025	16 %
5 to 10	5,183	10 %
10 to 20	5,636	11 %
20 to 50	7,569	15 %
50+	7,571	15 %

Camera pitch in degrees. Positive means looking down.

pitch	pictures	share
-30 to -10 (up)	1,631	3 %
-10 to 10 (level)	17,221	35 %
10 to 30	15,421	31 %
30 to 60	9,284	19 %
60+ (steeply down)	6,304	13 %

view	pictures
aerial (high up, looking down)	6,030
under water	2,006
indoors (caves and structures)	13,288

Time, weather, brightness

time	pictures	share
day	24,964	50 %
night	17,872	36 %
dusk or dawn	7,025	14 %

weather	pictures	share
clear	38,646	78 %
rain	8,177	16 %
thunder	3,038	6 %

brightness slider	pictures	share
Moody (0)	9,898	20 %
default (0.5)	24,960	50 %
Bright (1)	15,003	30 %

Mobs

There are 3.6 mobs per picture on average. 12 % of pictures contain no mobs, so a model also learns to return nothing.

mobs in the picture	pictures	share
0	6,025	12 %
1	10,872	22 %
2-3	14,074	28 %
4-7	12,778	26 %
8-15	5,512	11 %
16+	600	1 %

Distance from the camera, in blocks:

distance	mobs	share
under 4	6,874	4 %
4 to 8	21,873	12 %
8 to 16	34,958	20 %
16 to 32	36,970	21 %
32 to 64	36,982	21 %
64 to 128	25,420	14 %
128+	14,235	8 %

Box height in the picture, in pixels:

box height	mobs	share
under 8	15,944	9 %
8 to 16	31,100	18 %
16 to 32	38,211	22 %
32 to 64	35,423	20 %
64 to 128	29,685	17 %
128 to 256	18,538	10 %
256+	8,411	5 %

Visible share of each mob. The rest is hidden behind blocks or other mobs.

seen	mobs	share
under 10 %	6,753	4 %
10-25 %	7,315	4 %
25-50 %	11,592	7 %
50-75 %	17,505	10 %
75-99 %	58,362	33 %
all	75,785	43 %

• Poses: 45 % standing, 40 % walking, 15 % running.
• Placement: 69 % stand where the game would spawn them. The other 31 % are placed elsewhere, so each mob appears in many kinds of place.
• Variants are randomised the way the game renders them: colours, skins, sizes, armour and held items, plus:

variant	mobs
baby	9,268
aggressive (arms up, charging)	7,487
red hurt flash	7,164
saddle	1,687
angry	1,479
sitting	1,282
sheared	1,012
charging	697
on fire	662
charged creeper	510
bee with nectar	357

All 88 classes: labels and in how many biomes

group	class	labels	biomes
Hostile	blaze	2,690	64
Hostile	bogged	1,291	64
Hostile	breeze	1,229	64
Hostile	camel husk	581	63
Hostile	cave spider	862	60
Hostile	creaking	1,242	64
Hostile	creeper	10,070	63
Hostile	drowned	3,178	61
Hostile	endermite	409	56
Hostile	evoker	1,068	64
Hostile	ghast	2,461	64
Hostile	hoglin	709	58
Hostile	husk	1,516	63
Hostile	magma cube	1,577	63
Hostile	parched	1,147	63
Hostile	phantom	1,222	64
Hostile	piglin brute	1,197	64
Hostile	pillager	1,461	63
Hostile	ravager	531	63
Hostile	shulker	1,226	63
Hostile	silverfish	708	61
Hostile	skeleton	11,699	64
Hostile	slime	5,993	62
Hostile	stray	1,477	64
Hostile	vex	1,538	64
Hostile	vindicator	1,205	62
Hostile	warden	796	59
Hostile	witch	1,665	64
Hostile	wither skeleton	1,303	63
Hostile	zoglin	432	61
Hostile	zombie	10,487	62
Hostile	zombie villager	1,583	63
Neutral	bee	1,219	64
Neutral	enderman	12,054	64
Neutral	goat	1,875	62
Neutral	iron golem	844	64
Neutral	llama	1,182	64
Neutral	panda	493	58
Neutral	piglin	2,150	63
Neutral	polar bear	1,193	61
Neutral	spider	3,286	62
Neutral	trader llama	951	63
Neutral	wolf	1,477	63
Neutral	zombified piglin	2,318	62
Passive	allay	1,441	63
Passive	armadillo	1,129	62
Passive	bat	14,755	63
Passive	camel	1,092	62
Passive	cat	990	62
Passive	chicken	3,691	62
Passive	copper golem	916	63
Passive	cow	4,093	61
Passive	donkey	562	61
Passive	fox	1,256	60
Passive	frog	1,114	62
Passive	happy ghast	1,609	64
Passive	horse	800	61
Passive	mooshroom	1,501	64
Passive	mule	409	62
Passive	ocelot	876	63
Passive	parrot	2,549	63
Passive	pig	4,023	63
Passive	rabbit	2,811	62
Passive	sheep	5,673	59
Passive	skeleton horse	437	60
Passive	sniffer	449	59
Passive	snow golem	1,000	64
Passive	strider	5,503	61
Passive	turtle	575	59
Passive	villager	1,855	63
Passive	wandering trader	964	64
Passive	zombie horse	470	59
Water	axolotl	1,567	63
Water	cod	496	23
Water	dolphin	268	29
Water	elder guardian	216	36
Water	glow squid	2,756	51
Water	guardian	680	30
Water	nautilus	957	45
Water	pufferfish	331	26
Water	salmon	467	27
Water	squid	739	37
Water	tadpole	124	18
Water	tropical fish	347	24
Water	zombie nautilus	301	35
Bosses	ender dragon	223	56
Bosses	wither	411	61
Player	player	1,291	64

Fields

field	what
image	the picture
clean_plate	the same shot without the mobs (when has_clean_plate)
split, area, dimension, biome, structure	where
time, day_time, weather, brightness	when and how it looks
camera_x/y/z, camera_height, yaw, pitch, fov, aerial, underwater	camera
objects	one entry per mob (below)

Per mob: category, bbox, segmentation, area, iscrowd, distance, visibility, truncated (share cut off by the picture edge), box_full (box including hidden parts), motion, features (looks), native, brightness, contrast, too_dark.

How it was made

1. A survey of a generated world lists its biomes and structures.
2. At each chosen place, mobs are summoned with random variants and frozen mid-pose.
3. A Fabric mod renders each picture twice: once normally, and once with every mob in its own flat colour. The second render gives each mob's exact pixels, from which the box and mask are made.
4. Mobs too hidden, dark or small to see become ignore regions.

The full method, checks and settings are in minecraft-mob-dataset.

Citation

@misc{oltorp2026minecraftmobs,
  author = {Olle Oltorp},
  title = {Minecraft Mobs: an object detection dataset with exact labels},
  year = {2026},
  publisher = {Hugging Face},
  url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/OlleOltorp/minecraft-mobs}
}

Licence

The pictures and labels are licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Minecraft is a trademark of Mojang. This dataset is not affiliated with or endorsed by Mojang or Microsoft.